Sodium, is the primary extracellular cation. Additionally 30 to 50 percent of total body sodium is in a non-exchangeable fraction in the crystalline structure of bone.
It, along with chlorine and potassium in proper concentration and balance, are indispensible for a number of important physiologic functions.
A major function of sodium is in the regulation of osmotic pressure within the body, or the pressure which affects the passage of water, nutrients and waste material across membranes.
Another obvious function of sodium is in regulation of acid-base relationship within the body.
Sodium is essential for nerve membrane stimulation and ionic transport across cell membranes.
Sodium is also a major component of salts in saliva to buffer acid from ruminant fermentation.
Salt is usually fed free choice to cattle, in which case they often consume more than the above-listed requirements, especially where loose salt is fed in preference to block salt.
Salt deficiency results in abnormal appetites for salt. Prolonged deficiency will result in lack of appetite, unthrifty appearance, marked decrease in milk production, and loss of weight.
1.5 grams daily of sedum were sufficient for growth. Cattle should have free access to salt.
Sodium supplements are beneficial for young milk-fed calves, where the stress of confinement may impair kidney function and increase sodium requirements.
Sodium supplements provided to the young calf will condition their sodium appetite and they will have greater sodium appetites as older cattle.
Sodium for cattle
