Cattle have been divided into two basic classifications, Bos taurus (non-humped) or Bos indicus (humped, also called Zebu).
Bos indicus is a subspecies of cattle of south Asian origin. They are believed to have originated in the Neolithic from the aurochs or wild ox (Bos primigenius). Often known as Zebu, they have prominent humps forward of the shoulder. The Brahman breed is one example in the United States.
Tropical breed cattle or Bos indicus are genetically adapted to tropical environments, excelling in their ability to survive and produce under adverse conditions including heat and poor-quality pastures. Since have special adaptations to tropical environments that may be conveniently used for dairy production.
Bos indicus breeds include:
Brahman
Beefmaster
Brangus
Santa Gertrudis
Bos indicus is characterized by a pronounced hump, which is present in both sexes but more pronounced in the males; long, wide ears; a large dewlap; and an abdominal skinfold, including a large sheath in males.
Bos indicus tend to have relatively low marbling. Because marbling tends to increase with overall body fatness, comparing types or breeds usually involves a tradeoff between Yield Grade and Quality Grade.
Bos indicus breeds
